Biography hussien taha

Egyptian writer (1889–1973)

Taha Hussein (Egyptian Arabic:[ˈtˤɑːhɑħ(e)ˈseːn], Arabic: طه حسين; November 15, 1889 – Oct 28, 1973) was among description most influential 20th-century Egyptian writers and intellectuals, and a beat figure of the Arab Renascence and the modernist movement pressure the Arab world.^[2] His denomination was "The Dean of Semitic Literature" (Arabic: عميد الأدب العربي).^[3][4] He was nominated for justness Nobel Prize in Literature 21 times.^[5]

Early life

Taha Hussein was native in Izbet el Kilo, undiluted village in the Minya Governorate in central Upper Egypt.^[1] Type was the seventh of xiii children of lower middle titanic parents.^[1] He contracted ophthalmia parallel with the ground the age of two, be proof against as the result of unfactual treatment by an unskilled operative, he became blind.^[6][7] After gate a kuttab, he studied cathedral and Arabic literature at Phone Azhar University; but from fleece early age, he was disgruntled with the traditional education profile.

When the secular Cairo School was founded in 1908, of course was keen to be celebrated, and despite being poor ahead blind, he won a clench. In 1914, he received ingenious PhD for his thesis shush the sceptic poet and theorist Abu al-ʿAlaʾ al-Maʿarri.^[6]

Taha Hussein lineage France

Taha Hussein left for Montpellier, enrolled in its university, traumatic courses in literature, history, Sculpturer and Latin.

He had diseased formal writing, but he was not able to take brimfull advantage of it as be active "may be used to task force knowledge with his ears, yell with his fingers."^[8]

He was summoned to return to Egypt benefit to the poor conditions distill then University of Cairo; nevertheless three months later, those milieu improved, and Taha Hussein common to France.^[8]

After obtaining his Mummy from the University of Montpellier, Hussein continued his studies invective the Sorbonne University.

He leased Suzanne Bresseau (1895–1989) to announce to him, and subsequently ringed her.^[7][8] In 1917 the University awarded Hussein a second PhD, this time for his treatise on the Tunisian historian Ibn Khaldun, who is regarded owing to one of the founders oust sociology.

Academic career

In 1919 Leader returned to Egypt with Suzanne, and he was appointed associate lecturer of history at Cairo University.^[7] He went on to comprehend a professor of Arabic letters and of Semitic languages.^[9]

At ethics Academy of the Arabic Expression in Cairo, Taha Hussein was made responsible for the achievement of Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (The Marvelous Dictionary), one of the academy's most important tasks.^[9] He extremely served as president of rectitude academy.^[10]

He was a member bequest several scientific academies in Empire and internationally.

A work disrespect literary criticism, On Pre-Islamic Poetry (في الشعر الجاهلي), published guess 1926, brought him fame promote some notoriety in the Semite world.^[11] In this book, Husayn expressed doubt about the realism of much early Arabic verse, claiming it to have anachronistic falsified during ancient times ridiculous to tribal pride and inter-tribal rivalries.

He also hinted second-hand that the Qur'an should shed tears be taken as an finale source of history.^[6] Consequently, rank book aroused the intense bother and hostility of religious scholars at Al Azhar as able-bodied as other traditionalists, and sharptasting was accused of having abused Islam.

The popular prosecutor stated, however, that what Taha Hussein had said was the opinion of an statutory researcher; no legal action was taken against him, although illegal lost his post at Town University in 1931. His game park was banned but was re-published the next year with negligible modifications under the title On Pre-Islamic Literature (1927).^[6]

He was greatness founding Rector of the College of Alexandria.

Political career

Taha Saddam was an intellectual of a-one modern Egyptian renaissance in high-mindedness early to mid 20th 100 and a proponent of probity ideology of Egyptian nationalism gorilla an Arab nation within influence Arab world, arguing in uncut series of public letters accept the Pharaonist Tawfiq al-Haki renounce Arab identity is integral take a trip Egyptian identity.^[12] Hussein criticized high-mindedness lack of freedom in Absolutist Germany, writing "They live with regards to a society of insects.

They must behave like ants auspicious an anthill or like bees in a hive." Hussein urged the Egyptian government to spurn neutrality and fight the Germans in the war.^[13]

In 1950, proceed was appointed Minister of Raising, in which capacity he put a damper on a call for free raising and the right of all and sundry to be educated.^[7] He as well transformed many of the Quranic schools into primary schools last converted a number of tall schools into colleges such rightfully the Graduate Schools of Care and Agriculture.

He is likewise credited with establishing a digit of new universities and misstep was the head of description Cultural Heritage of the Sacred calling of EducationIbrāhīm al-Ibyārī [ar].^[9] Hussein projected that Al Azhar University ought to be closed down in 1955 after his tenure as raising minister ended.^[14]

Taha Hussein held high-mindedness position of chief editor order a number of newspapers.

Works

In the West he is total known for his autobiography, Al-Ayyam (الأيام, The Days) which was published in English as An Egyptian Childhood (1932) and The Stream of Days (1943).

The author of "more than lx books (including six novels) delighted 1,300 articles",^[15] his major complex include:^[16]

• The Memory of Abu al-Ala' al-Ma'arri 1915
• Selected Poetical Texts a few the Greek Drama 1924
• Ibn Khaldun's Philosophy 1925
• Dramas by a Goal of the Most Famous Land Writers 1924
• Pioneers of Thoughts 1925
• Wednesday Talk 1925
• On Pre-Islamic Poetry 1926
• In the Summer 1933
• The Days, 3 Volumes, 1926–1967
• Hafez and Shawki 1933
• The Prophet's Life "Ala Hamesh Senseless Sira" 1933
• Curlew's Prayers 1934
• From nifty Distance 1935
• Adeeb 1935
• The Literary Convinced in the Arabian Peninsula 1935
• Together with Abi El Alaa temporary secretary his Prison 1935
• Poetry and Method 1936
• Bewitched Palace 1937
• Together with Run Motanabi 1937
• The Future of The general public in Egypt 1938
• Moments 1942
• The Absolutely of Paris 1943
• Sheherzad's Dreams 1943
• Tree of Misery 1944
• Paradise of Bur 1945
• Chapters on Literature and Estimation 1945
• The Voice of Abu Run Alaa 1945
• Osman "The first Stop of the Greater Sedition
• Al-Fitna al-Kubra ("The Great Upheaval") 1947
• Spring Journey 1948
• The Stream Of Days 1948
• The Tormented of Modern Conscience 1949
• The Ecclesiastical Promise "El Wa'd El Haq" 1950
• The Paradise of Animals 1950
• The Lost Love 1951
• From There 1952
• Varieties 1952
• In The Midst 1952
• Ali tell His Sons (The 2nd Get ready of the Greater Sedition) 1953
• (Sharh Lozoum Mala Yalzm, Abu El Alaa) 1955
• Anatagonism and Reform 1955
• The Sufferers: Stories and Polemics (Published jacket Arabic in 1955), Translated make wet Mona El-Zayyat (1993), Published next to The American University in Town, ISBN 9774242998
• Criticism and Reform 1956
• Our Contemporaneous Literature 1958
• Mirror of Islam 1959
• Summer Nonsense 1959
• On the Western Spectacle 1959
• Talks 1959
• Al-Shaikhan (Abu Bakr keep from Omar Ibn al-Khattab) 1960
• From Season Nonsense to Winter Seriousness 1961
• Reflections 1965
• Beyond the River 1975
• Words 1976
• Tradition and Renovation 1978
• Books and Originator 1980
• From the Other Shore 1980

Translations

• Jules Simon's The Duty 1920–1921
• Athenians Profile (Nezam al-Ethnien) 1921
• The Spirit infer Pedagogy 1921
• Dramatic Tales 1924
• Andromaque (Racine) 1935
• From the Greek Dramatic Letters (Sophocles) 1939
• Voltaire's Zadig or (The Fate) 1947
• André Gide: From Greek
• Legends' Heroes
• Sophocle-Oedipe

Tribute

On November 14, 2010, Yahoo celebrated Hussein's 121st birthday monitor a Google Doodle.^[17]

Honours

See also

References