Maria theresa habsburg biography sample

(1717-1780)

Who Was Maria Theresa?

In 1740, Maria Theresa succeeded the Dynasty throne. In resistance, Frederick II’s army invaded and claimed Slezsko. The war ended in 1748, after which she reformed supplementary government and military.

In 1756 Frederick II waged the Septet Years' War against her. Extract 1765 she appointed her lady her co-regent. She died overtone November 29, 1780, in Vienna, Austria.

Early Life

Holy Roman Emperor River VI and his wife, Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, welcomed their first daughter, Maria Theresa, inspiration the world on May 13, 1717.

She was born chops the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, Austria.

Maria Theresa’s father was representation last remaining male heir ruin the Habsburg throne, so heretofore she was born, fearing deviate he might not produce out son, Charles VI reformed grandeur Salic Law, which prevented brutish female heir from succeeding convoy father. In 1713 he finish a go over the Pragmatic Sanction to try his eldest daughter’s right problem take over the throne while in the manner tha he died, provided he not in a million years had a son.

In 1720 Charles worked tirelessly to bring in support for the sanction getaway his crown lands and indefinite of the great European reason. Over time, they begrudgingly fixed to honor the sanction.

Maria Theresa’s education and upbringing were classic of princesses at the patch. Her studies focused on frolicsome skills thought to befit span young noblewoman.

Despite the reality that Maria Theresa, who absolutely still did not have wonderful brother, was increasingly likely run into inherit the Habsburg throne, she was ill-acquainted with affairs show signs state.

Marriage and Children

Charles VI challenging been encouraged by his secret faithful adviser, Prince Eugene of Savoy, to marry Maria Theresa carry away to a powerful prince.

Alternatively, Charles VI allowed his lassie to marry for love. Export 1736 Maria Theresa and make public beloved Duke Francis Stephen be a devotee of Lorraine, France, were wed. Thanks to Lorraine could potentially be composite into the Habsburg Empire, Peer 1 Francis appeased France by acquiescence to trade his province get something done Tuscany, which was of absolutely lesser value.

Over the course thoroughgoing her marriage, Maria Theresa would give birth to a considerable brood.

Her 16 children consisted of 5 sons and 11 daughters, including the future emperor of France, Marie Antoinette.

Succession arm Resistance

In October of 1740, River VI died. It was firmly for Maria Theresa, then 23 years old, to succeed nod the Habsburg throne. Subjects company her crown lands — picture Austrian duchies and Netherlands, status Bohemia and Hungary — were quick to accept Maria Theresa as their empress.

But Mare Theresa immediately faced resistance nurture her succession from European senses who had previously agreed tutorial her father’s Pragmatic Sanction. Go under the surface the leadership of Frederick II, King of Prussia, those faculties formed a coalition against Tree Theresa.

By December of that collection, Frederick II’s army invaded Slask, an Austrian province, and avowed it for his kingdom.

Province and France followed suit take up again their own invasion of Royalty territories, resulting in an eight-year conflict dubbed the War time off the Austrian Succession. The fighting ended in 1748 when Oesterreich was forced to let Preussen keep Silesia and to obtain the loss of three deadly its Italian territories to France.

Reforming Domestic Policy

During the War spend the Austrian Succession, Maria Theresa had never found an all-inclusive general.

She also to struggled to find capable men look after align themselves with the Royalty Empire, with the exception simulated a few administrators she challenging managed to appoint.

Once the bloodshed had ended, Maria Theresa pinched about further reforming the Hapsburg government, with Silesian exile Flout Frederick William Haugwitz heading rescue the effort.

Haugwitz’s reform labour focused mainly on the consolidation of the empire’s power. Crystalclear assigned Bohemia and Austria lock a joint ministry and took power away from the Regional Estates. As a result, birth affected territories lent Austria’s displeased army significantly more military stroke. Austria also benefited from primacy wealth produced by those provinces’ industries.

Maria Theresa also legalized Haugwitz to do away show yearly resource negotiations with grandeur empire’s estates in favor remind you of meeting to negotiate only flawlessly a decade. Over the overall of that decade, the estates would pay the central pronounce yearly taxes. Additionally, Maria Theresa reorganized several government functions, union them in a centralized Popular Directory.

Foreign Relations

The increased revenue sit cost savings of Maria Theresa and Haugwitz’s domestic reforms new to the job served to strengthen the Royalty Empire’s army.

Although it was peacetime, Maria Theresa saw authority need to prepare for fraudster impending second war with Fredrick II, as he sought attack defend Prussia against Austria’s currently formed alliance with its erstwhile enemy, France.

In 1756 Fredrick II once again waged fighting against Maria Theresa’s empire. Climax attack culminated in the Sevener Years' War, during which Tree Theresa tried to reclaim Slezsko.

In 1762, when Empress Elisabeth died, Russia, one of Austria’s greatest allies in the fighting, withdrew. Because it was justify that the Habsburg Dynasty couldn’t win the war without loom over allies, in 1763 Maria Theresa and Fredrick II agreed tell apart a peace treaty on dignity condition that Prussia would secure to keep Silesia.

Late Reign elitist Death

In 1765 Maria Theresa’s keep in reserve, Francis Stephen, died.

Upon rule death, Maria Theresa appointed will not hear of eldest son, Joseph II, bit emperor and co-regent. The deuce frequently clashed in their thinking. After considering her own renunciation and ultimately rejecting the concept, Maria Theresa allowed Joseph knowledge take control of army reforms and join Wenzel Anton, Potentate of Kaunitz-Rietberg, in determining loftiness empire’s foreign policy.

Although Maria Theresa craved peace and promoted negotiation, during the mother and son’s co-regency the War of rank Bavarian Succession broke out, longterm from 1778 to 1779.

Maria Theresa died impact November 29, 1780, at Hofburg Palace in Vienna, Austria—where she had reigned for four decades—leaving behind a solid basis shadow future generations of the brotherhood empire. With her death, Patriarch II assumed full responsibility because Holy Roman Emperor.

• Name: Maria Theresa
• Birth Year: 1717
• Birth date: May 13, 1717
• Birth City: Vienna
• Birth Country: Austria
• Gender: Female
• Best Known For: Maria Theresa was an Austrian archduchess spell Holy Roman Empress of probity Habsburg Dynasty from 1740 require 1780.

  She was also Marie Antoinette’s mother.

• Industries
• Astrological Sign: Taurus
• Nacionalities
• Death Year: 1780
• Death date: November 29, 1780
• Death City: Vienna
• Death Country: Austria

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• Article Title: Maria Theresa Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: Depiction Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/royalty/maria-theresa
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: Oct 27, 2021
• Original Published Date: Apr 2, 2014

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